- πί̄πτω
- πί̄πτωGrammatical information: v.Meaning: `to fall, to fall off, to drop down, to fall out' (Il.).Other forms: Fut. πεσέομαι (ep. Ion.), -οῦμαι (Att.), aor. πετεῖν, ἔπετον (Dor. Aeol.), πεσεῖν, ἔπεσον (IA.), perf. ptc. acc. πεπτ-εῶτ', -εῶτας (ep.), nom. -ηώς (Ion.; also of πτήσσω), -ώς (trag.), ind. πέπτωκα, ptc. -ωκώς (Att.).Compounds: Very often w. prefix, e.g. εἰσ-, ἐκ-, ἐμ-, ἐπι-, κατα-, μετα-, περι-, προ-, συμ-, ὑπο-.Derivatives: Many derivv. 1. πότ-μος m. `(falling) fate, destiny, (the fate of) death' (ep. poet. Il.). 2. πτῶ-μα n., often w. prefix (σύμ-πί̄πτω etc. from συμ-πίπτειν etc.) in diff. senses, `fall, plunge, the fallen, the corpse' (Att. A., hell.) with dimin. -μάτιον (inscr. Asia Minor), -ματίς f. `tumbling cup' (Mosch. ap. Ath.), -ματικός `inclined towards falling etc.' (hell.), -ματίζω `to bring down' (hell.) with -ματισμός m. `falling sickness' (Ptol.). 3. πτῶ-σις (σύμ-πί̄πτω etc.) f. `fall' (Hp., Att.), a.o. `fall of the die', from where as gramm. term `form of flection, case' (Arist.), with -σιμος `brought down' (A.; after ἁλώσιμος? Arbenz 80), -τικός (μετα-πί̄πτω a.o.) `inflectable' (Gramm.). 4. πέσ-ος n. `corpse' (E. in lyr.), -ημα n. `fall, the fallen down, the corpse' (trag.; Chantraine Form. 184, v. Wilamowitz Eur. Her. to v. 1131), -ωμα n. `plunge' (vase-inscr.; after πτῶμα). 5. -πετής a.o. in περι-, προ-πετής `falling down, blundering into smth.' resp. `falling over, prepared, rash' with περι-, προ-πέτ-εια f. (IA.); also in compounds as εὑ-πετής `to turn out well, convenient, fortunate' with -εια f. (IA.); διι-πετής s. v. 6. -πτώς in ἀ-πτώς, -ῶτος `not falling' (Pi., Pl.); also -πτης in ἀπτης (inscr. Olympia)? -- On ποταμός s. v.Origin: IE [Indo-European] [825] *petH- `fly, fall'.Etymology: The remarkable σ for τ in IA. πεσέομαι, -οῦμαι and πεσεῖν is secondary and not convincingly explained; cf. Schwyzer 271 Zus. 2 w. lit., 746 n. 6 and Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 451. -- The pair πί̄πτω (with ī after ῥί̄πτω?): πετεῖν agrees with γίγνομαι : γενέσθαι; to this the disyllabic fut. πεσέ-ομαι for *πετέ-[σ]ομαι and the full grades πτω-, πτη- in πέ-πτω-κα, πτῶ-μα, -σις, πε-πτη-ώς cannot be compared with γενέ-τωρ, γνή-σιος which has *ǵenh₁-, ǵn̥h₁- (not here γνωτός?; s. on γίγνομαι), s. Schwyzer 746, 784 a. 360. The origin of the alternative root forms is not well known. An innovation is πίτ-νω (-νῶ) with ι as in several ν-presents (Schwyzer 695). -- The whole system is a specific Greek development of the old verb also found in πέτομαι `fly'; the meaning `fall' is also found a.o. in Skt. pátati. A point of contact show the fut. *πετέ-[σ]ομαι: Skt. pati-ṣyáti; morpholog. close are also πότμος and Skt. pát-man- n. `flight, course, path' (would be Gr. *πέτμα). -- Further s. πέτομαι; cf. also πτήσσω and πίτυλος (which hardly belongs here).Page in Frisk: 2,542-543
Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό). Robert S.P.. 2010.